Home Inspectors
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Pre-purchase, pre-sale and general home inspections. Tell us about your home inspection project and we’ll help you find local home inspectors who serve your area.
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A home inspector examines the visible, accessible parts of a house and reports on their condition: the roof and attic, the foundation and basement, the structure you can see, exterior walls, windows and doors, plumbing, electrical, heating, cooling and ventilation. The result is a written report with photos that tells you what works, what's worn, what's defective and what needs a closer look from a specialist. Most inspections happen during a purchase, when a buyer wants to know what they're taking on before the deal becomes firm.
An inspection is a snapshot of the house on one day. It is non-invasive: the inspector doesn't open walls, lift flooring or take equipment apart, and snow, stored belongings or a finished basement can hide a lot. The report can only cover what the inspector could actually see and reach.
This page covers the main kinds of inspections, what a visual inspection includes and leaves out, the specialized tests you can add, how to read the report and use it in an offer, and how inspectors are regulated in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario and Quebec.
Pre-purchase, pre-listing and new-build home inspections: choosing the right one
The purpose of the inspection changes what you ask for and who the report is written for, so tell the inspector why you're booking and who else will read it.
- Pre-purchase inspection: booked by the buyer once an offer is accepted, usually within the inspection condition, to find defects and costly repairs before the sale becomes final.
- Pre-listing or pre-sale inspection: ordered by the seller before listing, to fix problems ahead of time or disclose them clearly, although buyers often still bring their own inspector.
- New-build inspection: an independent look at a newly built home before the final walkthrough with the builder, so deficiencies go on the list while the builder is still on site.
- Warranty inspection: done before a new-home warranty coverage period ends, so defects are documented and claimed within the deadlines of your province's warranty plan.
- Condo or plex inspection: focused on the unit and whatever common elements are accessible, and best read, for a condo, alongside the reserve fund study and the board's minutes.
What a standard home inspection covers, from roof to basement
A general home inspection is visual and non-invasive. The inspector walks the exterior, views the roof where that's safe, then the attic, each room and the basement, runs normal controls such as taps and the thermostat, and uses a moisture meter or thermal camera to follow up on clues. Be there for at least the end: seeing a problem in person makes the report much easier to understand.
- Exterior and lot: grading and drainage away from the foundation, siding, trim, decks, stairs and railings.
- Roof and attic: roof covering, flashing, chimneys, gutters, attic insulation and ventilation, and traces of past leaks or frost.
- Structure and foundation: visible foundation walls, beams, posts and joists, and signs of movement such as cracks, sloping floors or sticking doors.
- Plumbing: visible supply and drain piping, the water heater, fixtures, water pressure and signs of leaks.
- Electrical: the service entrance, the panel with its cover off where that's safe, a sample of outlets and switches, and any unusual wiring.
- Heating, cooling and ventilation: the furnace, boiler or heat pump, air conditioning, exhaust fans and the air exchanger if there is one.
- Interior: walls, ceilings, floors, windows, doors, stairs and signs of water damage, along with smoke and carbon monoxide alarms.
Beyond a visual inspection: sewer scope, radon, mould and wood stove (WETT) checks
Some risks can't be judged by eye. When the report or the house points to one, add a specialized test before your condition deadline if you can; some inspectors offer these services, others refer you to a specialist. For a house on a private well or septic system, water testing and a septic evaluation are separate jobs.
- Sewer camera inspection: a camera run through the main drain to the municipal connection reveals roots, collapsed sections or sags, and is worth considering for older homes and lots with mature trees.
- Radon test: radon can only be found by measuring it, and Health Canada recommends a long-term test of at least three months, which rarely fits a purchase timeline, so many buyers plan it for after they move in.
- Mould assessment: with a musty smell, staining or past water damage, a specialist can find the moisture source and take samples if needed.
- Wood-burning appliance inspection: a wood stove, fireplace insert or chimney is often checked by a technician trained under the WETT program, a check home insurers frequently ask for.
Common home inspection findings in older Canadian houses that call for a specialist
In older housing stock, a few findings come up again and again, and each points to a different trade. None automatically sinks a deal, but each deserves a quote or an expert opinion before your condition expires.
- Knob-and-tube or aluminum branch wiring, or a panel that's undersized or shows scorch marks: an electrician's evaluation and a call to your insurer.
- Galvanized steel or lead water lines and old cast-iron drains: a plumber's assessment of what replacement would involve.
- Vermiculite insulation in the attic: it can contain asbestos, so leave it undisturbed and have it tested by a qualified firm.
- Foundation cracks, efflorescence or a damp basement: a foundation specialist or a structural engineer, depending on whether the concern is water or movement.
- Attic frost, stained roof sheathing or ice dams: weak air sealing and ventilation, a job for an insulation or roofing contractor.
How to read a home inspection report: safety issues, defects and routine upkeep
A report can be long and full of observations, and its length says little about the house. Most items are minor. Your job is to sort them: what's a safety hazard, what's a real defect that will cost money soon, what's aging normally and what's simply maintenance. Many reports already group findings this way; if yours doesn't, do it with the inspector's help.
Watch the wording. Phrases such as 'further evaluation recommended', 'beyond the scope' or 'not accessible' mean the inspector couldn't reach a conclusion, and that uncertainty is yours until a specialist takes a look.
Using the home inspection in your offer: conditions, renegotiation or walking away
In most provinces, a buyer can make an offer conditional on a satisfactory inspection. The condition sets a deadline, and until it passes you can accept the house as is, ask the seller to repair, lower the price or give a credit, or withdraw on the terms the condition sets out. Read that clause closely: its deadlines and steps to withdraw are strict.
Book the inspector as soon as the offer is accepted, so there's time for any specialist the report calls for. Focus negotiations on major defects and safety items, backed by written quotes. Waiving the condition to win a bidding war means accepting the house without knowing what the report would have said.
Are home inspectors licensed? Rules in British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario and Quebec
Regulation differs across the country. In British Columbia, anyone doing home inspections needs a licence from Consumer Protection BC under the Business Practices and Consumer Protection Act and the Home Inspector Licensing Regulation. In Alberta, home inspection businesses and the individual inspectors they employ must be licensed under the Consumer Protection Act and the Home Inspection Business Regulation, and the province's Find a Licensed Business tool lets you check one. Ontario's government says the province does not currently have mandatory requirements for home inspectors, who are also not required by law to carry insurance. Elsewhere, ask your province's consumer protection office.
In Quebec, the Régie du bâtiment du Québec is putting a certification system in place. Starting October 1, 2027, residential building inspectors who do pre-purchase inspections for a real estate transaction must hold an RBQ certificate, and the RBQ names standard BNQ 3009-500 as the reference for their inspection practices. Some inspectors also belong to a professional order, such as the Ordre des technologues professionnels du Québec, or are architects or engineers; you can confirm their membership in the order's public directory.
Home Inspectors: frequently asked questions
How long does a pre-purchase inspection take, and should I be there?
It depends on the size, age and condition of the house; for a typical single-family home, plan on a few hours. Yes, attend at least the end: the inspector can show you problems, explain how the systems work and answer questions while you're standing in front of them.
Does a home inspection guarantee there are no hidden defects?
No. An inspection reports on what was visible and accessible that day, and it isn't a warranty or an insurance policy, so read the limits in the inspection agreement. Hidden defects found after the sale are a legal matter: in Quebec they fall under the seller's legal warranty of quality, which a lawyer or notary can advise you on.
Can a home inspector tell me what repairs will cost?
Most won't put a figure on repairs, often on purpose, since the cost depends on the contractor, the materials and damage no one can see yet. Use the report to call the right trades and get written quotes before your inspection deadline.
Can a house be inspected properly in winter?
Partly. Snow can hide the roof, grading and deck, and air conditioning may not be tested in the cold, but the heating runs under real load and attic frost and drafts are easier to spot. Make sure the report lists what couldn't be inspected, and check those items in spring.
Is it worth inspecting a brand-new house?
Yes. New homes can have missing insulation, soil sloping toward the foundation or unfinished details that are easy to miss. An independent inspection before the final walkthrough, and another before a warranty period ends, gives you a documented list for the builder.
Sources
- Home inspections — Consumer Protection BC
- Home inspector licence — Government of Alberta
- Home inspection business licence — Government of Alberta
- What to know before buying a home — Government of Ontario
- Obtaining a residential building inspector certificate — Régie du bâtiment du Québec
- Testing your home for radon — Health Canada
Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed September 10, 2026.
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What affects the cost of home inspection
Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:
- Type of professional and service needed
- Size and complexity of the project
- Level of detail in drawings or reports
- Number of site visits and meetings
- Number of design revisions
- Help with permits or contractor selection
How to compare home inspectors before you hire
- Match the professional to the job: an architect or engineer where the work requires one, a designer for layout and finishes, or an inspector for a condition report.
- Ask whether they are licensed or certified for this type of work in your province, where that applies.
- Review a portfolio or sample report that's similar to your project.
- Get a written agreement that spells out the services, deliverables, number of revisions and how fees are charged.
- Ask whether their drawings will be suitable for a permit application, and whether they'll help with it.
Questions to ask home inspectors before you hire
- Are you licensed or certified for this type of work in my province?
- What exactly will you deliver: drawings, specifications, a report or site visits?
- How are your fees charged: a fixed fee, hourly or based on the project cost?
- How many rounds of revisions are included?
- Will your drawings be ready for a permit application, and will you submit it?
- Can I see a sample of a similar project or report?
- Do you carry professional liability insurance?
When to call a pro for home inspection
- Before removing or moving a wall that may be load-bearing
- Before buying a home, to understand its condition
- When a permit application needs drawings
Home inspection permits and local rules
Some home inspection work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.
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