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Concrete Leveling

Concrete Leveling near you

Concrete leveling is not concrete repair. The slab is usually intact; it has simply stopped being where it was poured. Something under it went away, and the concrete followed. Lifting it back is a soils job performed through small holes in the surface, and it is one of the few trades where the cheapest option and the right option often agree.

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State highway agencies have been doing this for decades and describe it in plain language. Missouri's transportation department calls the process of raising concrete pavement slabs and filling voids under them mudjacking, or more recently slab jacking, and notes that voids form through pumping action or by settlement of the subgrade. Its cement-and-soil grout method uses injection holes about two and five eighths inches in diameter, commonly spaced roughly six feet apart, and limits the crew to raising the slab not more than a quarter inch at each hole at a time.

The newer method injects polyurethane instead of grout. Texas specifies, for raising and undersealing concrete slabs with foam systems, a closed cell hydro-insensitive high-density polyurethane foam with a minimum free rise density of 3.0 pounds per cubic foot and a minimum compressive strength of 50 pounds per square inch, injected through holes no larger than three quarters of an inch, with final elevations controlled to within a quarter inch of the target profile. Those are highway specifications rather than residential ones, but they are the clearest public statement of what the material is expected to do, and they give you the vocabulary to ask a contractor what density and strength of foam they intend to inject under your slab.

Why a slab sank: the void is the real customer

A settled slab is a report on the soil beneath it. Sometimes the fill was never compacted properly, most often in the trench a utility line was laid in or in the backfill against a foundation wall, and it consolidated over the following decade. Sometimes water is the culprit: a downspout discharging at the slab edge, a leaking supply or sewer line, or sheet flow off a roof that has been quietly carrying fines out from under the concrete for years.

Climate adds two more causes with opposite signatures. In expansive clay country the slab may not have sunk at all in absolute terms; the soil swelled and shrank with the seasons and the concrete came to rest lower than the doorway it used to meet. In freezing country, FHWA's description of frost action applies directly: ice lenses form below the ground surface and produce the large vertical displacements known as frost heaves, and a slab that is lifted each winter and dropped each spring works its subgrade loose. A leveling crew that cannot tell you which of these it is looking at will be back.

Mudjacking, polyurethane foam lifting and replacement compared

Cementitious mudjacking pumps a slurry of soil, portland cement and water into the void. It is heavy, it fills large spaces cheaply, and it leaves obvious holes: Missouri's specification for the method uses holes about two and five eighths inches across. The material adds weight to the very soil that failed, and it takes time to set, but for a large void under a thick slab it is still hard to beat on material cost.

Polyurethane foam expands in place, so a small quantity fills a large void and the added load on the subgrade is much lower. The injection holes are smaller by design, at three quarters of an inch or less in the Texas specification, and the material is specified to be hydro-insensitive, which matters where the void is wet. Missouri's guidance also flags the trade-off honestly, noting that polyurethane should not be used to fill large voids because of cost.

Replacement wins when the slab is no longer a slab. Missouri states it flatly: badly cracked or broken slabs cannot be raised effectively. Lifting a panel that is already in four pieces produces four pieces at slightly different elevations, which is a worse outcome than the settlement you started with.

What a leveling crew actually does, hole by hole

  • Survey: shooting or profiling the existing elevations so there is an agreed target, rather than an eyeball judgment from the porch.
  • Hole layout: marking injection points around the settled area and along its edges, and agreeing them with you before a drill starts.
  • Drilling: holes sized to the material, small for foam and larger for grout, cut so the surrounding concrete is not damaged.
  • Injection: material pumped under the slab, not below the bottom of the concrete, with the crew watching for movement at adjacent panels.
  • Grade control: lifting in small increments across several holes rather than pushing one point hard, which is how slabs get cracked during a lift.
  • Stopping: injection ceases when the profile is met, when no further improvement is seen, or when material extrudes somewhere it should not.
  • Patching: holes cleaned and sealed, and joints reopened or resealed where the lift has closed or spread them.

When leveling is the wrong answer, and honest crews say so

Leveling assumes a slab strong enough to be lifted as a unit and a void that will stay filled. Neither assumption survives a slab broken into small pieces, a slab that has lost thickness to scaling and spalling, or a settlement caused by a leak that is still leaking. Filling a void under a slab while a cracked sewer lateral keeps washing soil out of it converts a repeatable problem into an expensive repeatable problem.

There is also a limit on what lifting can fix cosmetically. A raised panel will still carry the cracks, the stains and the worn finish it had at the old elevation, and the patched injection holes will be visible on a decorative surface. If appearance is the point rather than the trip hazard, that is a conversation to have before the drill comes out, not after.

Signs a sunken slab is a candidate for lifting

  • The slab has dropped as a unit, with a clean step at the joint rather than a fan of cracks across the middle.
  • There is a visible gap between the slab and the step, stoop or garage floor it used to meet flush.
  • Water now stands on the slab or runs toward the house instead of away from it.
  • The concrete sounds hollow when tapped near the settled edge, suggesting a void rather than a general subsidence.
  • The slab is thick enough and sound enough that it has not cracked in more than one or two places.
  • The cause has been identified and can be corrected at the same time, such as a downspout that has been discharging at the edge.
  • Neighboring panels have stayed put, which narrows the problem to a localized void rather than a whole-yard soil issue.

Keeping the lifted slab where you put it

Leveling restores geometry; it does not change hydrology. If water was removing soil from under the slab before the lift, it will remove the new fill just as patiently. Extending downspouts past the slab edge, correcting a low spot that funnels roof runoff to one corner, and repairing a leaking line are what make a lift permanent rather than seasonal.

A lifted slab also becomes worth re-sealing at the joints, because the lift usually opens or closes them and a clean joint keeps grit and water out of the subbase. Photograph the elevations and the injection points after the work is finished. If the same corner drops again in two years, that record is what tells the next contractor whether the fill failed or the water did.

What a leveling quote is pricing, and how LokalMatch fits in

Two leveling bids usually differ on method and on how much void they expect to fill. The variables are the area to be lifted and how far it has to travel, the material chosen, the number of injection points, how much void volume is under the slab, access for the rig and hose, whether joint resealing and hole patching are included, whether the drainage cause is fixed in the same visit, and whether the crew surveys the result or eyeballs it. Ask for the target elevations and the stopping criteria in writing.

LokalMatch starts the search. You describe the slab once: what it is, how far it has settled, whether it has cracked, what the ground is like where you live and what changed just before it dropped. Concrete leveling contractors covering your area receive that request and the interested ones contact you. Pros pay for the requests they receive; homeowners pay nothing. LokalMatch does not level slabs, does not set prices, and does not vet, rank or recommend any contractor, so verifying credentials, insurance and the written method stays your job.

Concrete Leveling: frequently asked questions

Is polyurethane foam better than mudjacking?

It depends on the void. Foam expands, so it fills space with much less added weight on the soil that already failed, and Texas specifies it as hydro-insensitive, which helps where the void is wet. Missouri, however, notes that polyurethane should not be used for large voids because of cost, and cement grout remains the cheaper way to fill a lot of space. The right answer follows the size and wetness of the void.

How big are the holes, and will I see them afterwards?

You will see them on a decorative surface. Missouri's cementitious method uses holes about two and five eighths inches in diameter, commonly around six feet apart; Texas specifies foam injection holes of three quarters of an inch or less. Holes are patched, but patches on stamped, colored or exposed-aggregate concrete rarely disappear, which is worth weighing before choosing leveling over replacement.

Can any sunken slab be lifted?

No. Missouri's guidance is blunt that badly cracked or broken slabs cannot be raised effectively, because the lift travels through the concrete and a slab in pieces simply moves in pieces. A slab that has lost thickness to scaling, or one still being undermined by an active leak, is also a poor candidate until the underlying problem is dealt with.

How much can a slab be raised at once?

Less per hole than people expect, which is why the work is slow and methodical. Missouri's maintenance guidance limits the lift to not more than a quarter inch at each hole at a time, moving between points so the slab rises evenly. Texas requires final elevations controlled to within a quarter inch of the proposed profile. A crew pushing hard at one point is how slabs crack during a lift.

Will leveling stop the slab from sinking again?

Only if the cause is fixed with it. Missouri attributes voids to pumping action or settlement of the subgrade, both of which are driven by water and traffic rather than by the concrete. If a downspout, a low spot or a leaking line is washing soil out from under the slab, the new fill goes the same way as the old soil. Ask that the drainage correction be part of the same scope.

Sources

  1. Missouri Department of Transportation Engineering Policy Guide 570.5: Mudjacking (Slab Jacking)
  2. Texas Department of Transportation Special Specification 3255: Raising and Undersealing Concrete Slabs with Foam Systems
  3. FHWA: Long-Term Pavement Performance Computed Parameter, Frost Penetration (FHWA-HRT-08-057)
  4. Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation: Foundations on Expansive Soils, Residential (IHB TB 10-01)

Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed September 21, 2026. How we write and check our guides

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What affects the cost of concrete levelling

Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:

  • Size and thickness of the area
  • Removal of the old surface
  • Excavation and base preparation
  • Finish, colour or pattern
  • Access for equipment and trucks
  • Steps, curves, drains or retaining edges

How to compare concrete contractors before you hire

  • Choose a contractor who explains how they'll prepare the base, since most concrete and interlock problems start underneath.
  • Ask how they'll slope the surface so water drains away from the house.
  • Get a written quote that covers excavation, base material, reinforcement, finish and removal of the old surface.
  • Look at jobs they finished a few seasons ago to see how they've held up through freeze and thaw.
  • Ask whether they'll call to have underground utilities located before digging.

Questions to ask concrete contractors before you hire

  • How deep will you excavate, and what base will you put down?
  • Will you use reinforcement, and what kind?
  • How will you make sure water drains away from the house?
  • Does this work need a permit from my municipality?
  • How soon can the surface be walked on or driven on after it's done?
  • What warranty do you offer for cracking, settling or heaving?

When to call a pro for concrete levelling

  • Cracks that are widening or slabs that have sunk or lifted
  • Water pooling against the foundation after rain
  • Trip hazards on steps, walkways or driveways

Concrete levelling permits and local rules

Some concrete levelling work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.

Permits and licensing

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