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Arborists

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An arborist is a person, not a company, and the distinction is the whole point of this page. You hire a tree service for a crew, a chipper and a day of labor. You hire an arborist for a judgment: whether a tree can be kept, what is actually wrong with it, how much of the canopy can come off without ruining it, what a builder's excavation will do to the root zone, and what the tree is worth if a neighbor's contractor destroys it.

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The credentials that describe that judgment come from two different systems that homeowners routinely confuse. Certification is a voluntary professional program. The International Society of Arboriculture describes a certification as a voluntary program that grants the use of a credential to individuals for a specific period of time, and a qualification as an award for achievement of a narrow body of knowledge with very specific learning objectives; its credentials include the ISA Certified Arborist, the ISA Board Certified Master Arborist, the Certified Arborist Utility Specialist, the Certified Tree Climber, the Certified Tree Worker Aerial Lift Specialist and the Tree Risk Assessment Qualification.

A state license is a different thing entirely: it is permission to do the work for money. Connecticut and New Jersey both issue one. Where your state licenses arborists, the license is the requirement and the certification is the evidence of training on top of it.

Certified arborist, licensed tree expert, tree worker: what each title means

Certification is voluntary and national. ISA describes a certification as a voluntary program granting the use of a credential for a specific period of time, and separates that from a qualification, awarded for a narrow body of knowledge with specific learning objectives. Its Tree Risk Assessment Qualification sits in the second group, which is why a competent professional may hold both a certification and a qualification and they are not interchangeable. The specialist credentials matter to the situation you are in: a utility specialist works in the world of conductors and clearance, a tree climber or aerial lift specialist credential describes production work rather than diagnosis.

A state license is compulsory where it exists. Connecticut requires an arborist license for persons advertising, soliciting or contracting to do arboriculture, defining arboriculture as any work done for hire to improve the condition of fruit, shade or ornamental trees by feeding or fertilizing, or by pruning, trimming, bracing, treating cavities or other methods of improving tree conditions, or protecting trees from damage from insects or diseases. New Jersey licenses individuals and registers businesses, and requires a registered business to have at least one licensed individual working full time.

So the order to check is state first, certification second. If your state licenses the work, an uncertified licensee is legal and an ISA certified holder without the state licence is not. If your state licenses nothing, certification plus insurance plus references is most of what you can verify.

What you actually hire an arborist to do

The jobs below are consulting work as much as physical work, and several of them are best done by someone who will not be bidding on the removal afterwards.

  • Diagnose why a tree is declining, distinguishing between root problems, soil and drainage, girdling roots, pests, disease and simple drought.
  • Assess the risk a tree poses: the defect, the part likely to fail, what it would strike and the likelihood within a stated period.
  • Write a pruning specification a crew can be held to, with an objective and a limit rather than the word trim.
  • Design tree protection for a construction project, including where a fence goes and which roots must not be cut.
  • Advise on species and placement before planting, which prevents most of the expensive tree problems of the next thirty years.
  • Value a tree that has been damaged or removed without permission, for insurance or a dispute with a neighbor or contractor.
  • Give a second opinion on a removal recommendation, which is the single most cost-effective hour a homeowner can buy.
  • Plan plant health care over several seasons, rather than selling a single treatment for a symptom.

ANSI A300 and Z133: the standards good tree work is written against

There are national consensus standards for this trade even where there is no license, and the useful ones are named in state rules. New Jersey requires registered tree care businesses to abide by adopted industry standards including ANSI A300, which covers tree care operations, ANSI Z133, the safety standard for arboriculture operations, and ANSI Z60.1 for nursery stock.

The practical value to a homeowner is that these give a scope something to reference. A specification that says pruning will be performed in accordance with ANSI A300 is a specification a dispute can be measured against; one that says the tree will be trimmed as needed is not. Asking an arborist which standard the work will follow is a fair question and a fast filter, because the answer separates people who work to a written practice from people who work to habit.

Safety standards are equally a homeowner's business, because the crew is working over your property and, if something goes wrong on an uninsured job, potentially at your expense. New Jersey pairs the standards requirement with a minimum of one million dollars of general liability insurance and workers' compensation coverage or approved self-insurance, plus a written safety policy, annual training documentation and records kept for at least four years.

What a tree risk assessment or arborist report should contain

A report is the product when you hire an arborist for judgment, and a good one reads like a diagnosis rather than a sales pitch. It identifies the tree by species, size and location, describes what was inspected and how, and says plainly what was not inspected: whether the upper canopy was climbed or viewed from the ground, whether the root collar was excavated, whether any internal decay testing was done.

The findings should name the defect rather than the mood. Decay at the base, a codominant stem with included bark, a lifted root plate, deadwood over a driveway, a cavity of a described size in a described location: each is a specific observation that a second arborist can check. The conclusion then joins the defect to a target and a time frame, because a tree with a serious defect over an unused corner of the yard is a different problem from the same tree over a bedroom.

Finally, a useful report gives options rather than one answer. Reduction of end weight on a limb, removal of deadwood, a support system, moving what sits under the tree, monitoring on a stated schedule, and removal are all legitimate outcomes, and an assessment that only ever arrives at removal is worth a second opinion from someone with no crew to keep busy.

Where a certification stops telling you anything

  • It is held by a person, not by the company, so ask whether the credential holder will be on your property or only on the letterhead.
  • It says nothing about insurance, and in most states nothing about the legal right to do the work for money.
  • It does not guarantee the crew doing the cutting is trained: certification and production skill are separate things.
  • It expires, so a credential number is worth checking against the issuing body rather than a laminated card.
  • A specialist credential is scoped: a utility specialist credential is about working near conductors, not about diagnosing a sick maple.
  • It cannot resolve the conflict of interest when the person assessing the tree would also be paid to remove it.
  • It does not substitute for a city permit, which regulates the tree rather than the person cutting it.

Where the state licenses arborists, that license comes first

Connecticut's arborist license is issued through its environmental agency and is tied to pesticide competence: applicants must pass the entire examination including its pesticide portion, and the license authorizes application of fungicides, insecticides, miticides and tree growth regulators to fruit, shade and ornamental trees only, with additional certification required for pesticide work on turf, ornamental shrubs or other sites. Since October 2013 the business itself must also hold a certificate of registration, with no exemption for a single-arborist business. That combination means a Connecticut homeowner can check two things: the individual's licence and the business registration.

New Jersey splits the credential by the work. The state distinguishes a licence covering standard tree care such as pruning, removals and stump grinding from a licence that also covers more specialized work including cabling and bracing, tree risk assessment, tree appraisals and consultations. If what you need is an appraisal or a risk assessment rather than a crew, that distinction decides who you are allowed to hire.

In states with no arborist license at all, the credential to verify is whatever your city requires of tree service providers, plus insurance. Ask the city's urban forestry office directly, since it is also the office that knows whether the tree itself is protected.

What an arborist charges for, and how LokalMatch fits in

Consulting work is priced by time and by the depth of the investigation, not by the size of the tree. What moves it is how many trees are being assessed, whether the inspection is from the ground or involves climbing, root collar excavation or decay testing, whether a written report is required and how formal it has to be, whether the work involves a dispute, an insurance claim or a construction project with documentation and site visits, and whether the arborist is also expected to specify and then supervise the crew that does the work. A verbal opinion on a single tree and a written assessment that will be filed with a permit application are two different purchases.

LokalMatch handles the introduction. You describe the situation once, whether that is a tree in decline, a removal recommendation you want checked, a builder about to dig near a root zone or a damaged tree you need valued, and arborists working in your area receive the request. The ones who take that kind of work contact you directly. Pros pay for the requests they receive and homeowners pay nothing to use it. LokalMatch does not assess trees, does not set prices and does not vet, rank or recommend any professional, so checking state licensing, current credentials and insurance stays with you.

Arborists: frequently asked questions

Is an ISA Certified Arborist licensed by the government?

No. ISA describes certification as a voluntary program that grants the use of a credential for a specific period of time, which is a professional qualification rather than a government permission to work. Some states do license the trade separately, such as Connecticut, which requires an arborist license for anyone advertising, soliciting or contracting to do arboriculture. Check the state requirement and the certification separately, because they answer different questions.

What is a Tree Risk Assessment Qualification?

It is one of ISA's credentials, and ISA distinguishes a qualification, awarded for achievement of a narrow body of knowledge with very specific learning objectives, from a certification, which is a broader voluntary credential granted for a period of time. In practice it signals training in a structured method for assessing tree risk. It does not replace a state license where one is required, and it does not tell you anything about the holder's insurance.

Should I hire an arborist who does not do the cutting?

It is a real category of work, and worth knowing about. Some arborists sell only judgment: inspections, reports, specifications, appraisals and construction oversight, with no crew and no equipment to keep busy. You are paying for time rather than a day of labor, and the output is a document you can hand to whichever company does the cutting. For a disputed removal, an insurance claim or a builder working near a root zone, that separation is usually worth the extra step.

What standards should the work be written against?

ANSI A300 for tree care operations and ANSI Z133 for arboriculture safety are the ones states point to. New Jersey requires registered tree care businesses to abide by adopted industry standards including ANSI A300, ANSI Z133 and ANSI Z60.1. A specification that references A300 can be enforced; one that says the tree will be trimmed as needed cannot, so ask for the standard to appear in the written scope.

My builder is excavating near a big tree. Do I need an arborist now or later?

Now. Root damage is the one tree injury that is invisible on the day and fatal over the following years, and once a trench has been cut through a root zone there is no repair. An arborist can specify a protection zone, a fence line, which roots may not be cut and how the work should be sequenced, before the machine arrives. Afterwards, the only service available is assessing how much of the tree is likely to survive.

Sources

  1. International Society of Arboriculture: Types of Credentials
  2. Connecticut DEEP: Commercial Arborist License
  3. New Jersey Board of Tree Experts: Requirements for Registered Businesses
  4. New Jersey Board of Tree Experts: Information for Businesses
  5. OSHA: Tree Care Work, Falls and Falling Object Hazards

Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed September 21, 2026. How we write and check our guides

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What affects the cost of tree care

Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:

  • Size of the yard and the scope of the design
  • Grading, excavation and drainage work
  • Hardscape materials, such as stone, pavers or wood
  • Plants, sod and soil
  • Access for machinery
  • Removal of old materials, trees or stumps
  • How often visits are scheduled for ongoing services

How to compare arborists before you hire

  • Choose a company that does the kind of work you need, since design, lawn care, tree work and hardscaping are different specialties.
  • For big projects, ask for a site plan or drawing before work starts.
  • Ask how they'll handle grading and drainage so water moves away from the house.
  • For tree removal or large pruning, look for a qualified arborist with liability insurance.
  • For ongoing services like lawn care or snow removal, get the visit schedule and what's included in writing.

Questions to ask arborists before you hire

  • Can I see a plan or drawing before you start?
  • How will you handle drainage and grading?
  • Will you have underground utilities located before you dig?
  • Does any of this work need a permit, such as for a retaining wall, fence or tree removal?
  • What plants or materials do you recommend for our climate and my yard's sun and shade?
  • Do you guarantee plants or sod, and for what conditions?
  • Can you show me proof of liability insurance?

When to call a pro for tree care

  • Water that pools near the house or in the yard after rain
  • A tree that is leaning, cracked or has large dead branches over the house or a driveway
  • A retaining wall that is bulging, leaning or cracking

Tree care permits and local rules

Some tree care work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.

Permits and licensing

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