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Home security in a British house usually comes down to a handful of weak points: the front door and its cylinder, the back door nobody watches, ground-floor and basement windows, a side gate, a flat roof that turns a first-floor window into a ground-floor one, and the shared entrance of a converted flat. Alarms, cameras and access control sit on top of that, and they work best when the doors and windows underneath them have already been sorted out.

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One thing surprises most householders: almost none of this work is licensed in the United Kingdom. The Security Industry Authority licenses security operatives - security guarding, door supervision, close protection, cash and valuables in transit, public space surveillance using CCTV, and key holding - and the activities it can license are the ones listed in Schedule 2 to the Private Security Industry Act 2001. Fitting an intruder alarm in a private home, mounting a camera and changing a lock are not on that list, so there is no licence to check and no register to look someone up on.

Rules do apply elsewhere, and they are the ones worth knowing before you buy. A camera that sees past your boundary brings data protection duties with it. Mains electrical work in a home is covered by building regulations. New dwellings in England have to meet a security requirement for doors and windows, and Scotland sets its own equivalent standard. This guide covers each of those, and flags where Scotland and Northern Ireland part company with England and Wales.

What home security covers, from the front door to the alarm panel

Most homes end up with a mixture rather than a single system, added over years by different people. It helps to think about the layers separately, because each one fails in its own way and each one is bought from a different kind of business.

  • Physical security: the locks, cylinders, hinges, letter plates and window fasteners that actually resist force, and the doors and frames holding them.
  • Intruder alarm: a control panel with door contacts and movement detectors, an external sounder, and some way of telling you or someone else that it has gone off.
  • Cameras: fixed cameras, a video doorbell or a recorder-based system, all of which bring data protection duties as soon as they see beyond your own property.
  • Lighting and visibility: outside lighting, and cutting back the planting that hides a side gate or a ground-floor window from the street.
  • Access and keys: keysafes, coded entry for a shared door, and knowing who still holds a key to your home.
  • Storage: a safe or a bolted-down cabinet for documents, spare keys and the handful of items worth taking.

Licensing in the UK: what the SIA covers, and what it does not

The Security Industry Authority regulates the private security industry across the UK, and the sectors it licenses are security guarding, door supervision, close protection, cash and valuables in transit, public space surveillance using CCTV, key holding, and vehicle immobilisation in Northern Ireland. The underlying list of activities is in Schedule 2 to the Private Security Industry Act 2001, which covers manned guarding, private investigations, security consultants, door supervisors and key holders. The SIA's own guidance on whether you need a licence does not list installing alarms or installing and maintaining CCTV among the activities that need one.

So a home security installer needs no licence to trade, and neither does a locksmith. Key holding is the exception worth knowing: Schedule 2 describes a key holder as someone keeping custody of, or controlling access to, a key or similar device for operating a lock, and the SIA treats that as licensable security work. If a company is going to hold your keys and attend when the alarm sounds, that part of the arrangement is licensed even though fitting the alarm was not.

Where the work touches mains electricity, building regulations step in instead. Approved Document P covers electrical safety in dwellings in England and explains when work has to be notified, and government-authorised competent person schemes let a registered installer self-certify their own work rather than putting it through a building control body. Asking which scheme a business belongs to is the nearest thing to a licence check available for the electrical side of a security job.

Building standards for security: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

England has a security requirement in the Building Regulations. Approved Document Q sets out standards for doors and windows to resist physical attack by a burglar, covering both robustness and the hardware fitted to them, and it supports requirement Q1 of Schedule 1 to the Building Regulations 2010. The important limit is in the requirement itself: Q1 applies only in relation to new dwellings. If your house already exists, nothing in Approved Document Q obliges you to upgrade anything.

Scotland reaches the same subject through its own building standards. Schedule 5 to the Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 contains standard 4.13, which requires that every building be designed and constructed so that doors and windows vulnerable to unlawful entry can be secured to deter housebreaking and protect the safety and welfare of occupants, and it is limited to domestic buildings. Northern Ireland works to the Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012, a separate set of regulations made and enforced there.

For an existing home, the practical value of all this is as a shopping list rather than a legal duty. New-build standards describe the door, frame, cylinder and window hardware a burglar finds difficult, and there is nothing to stop you asking an installer to work to that description on a house built decades earlier.

How a home security survey and quote should work

A useful survey starts outside. Expect the installer to walk the boundary, try the gate, look at what a neighbour or a passer-by can actually see of each door, check whether the back of the property is overlooked, and only then talk about equipment. A quote produced without anyone looking at the back of your house is a price list, not a design.

Get the scope written down: which doors and windows are protected, where every camera points, what happens when a sensor triggers, who is notified, what is left working if the broadband drops, who owns the equipment at the end, and what the ongoing commitment is. Ask for the admin account to be in your name from the first day, not the installer's, because recovering it later is unpleasant.

LokalMatch is where the introduction happens, and nothing more. You describe the property and the job once, with your postcode, and installers covering your area contact you directly; the pros pay for the requests they receive. LokalMatch does not carry out security work, does not attend site, does not set prices and does not vet, rank or recommend any of the businesses that reply, so the questions above stay yours to ask of each one.

Cameras in the package bring data protection duties with them

As soon as a security package includes cameras, you acquire a second set of responsibilities that has nothing to do with the installer. The ICO's home CCTV guidance says owners should where possible position cameras to capture only their own property, and that where that is not possible and the camera captures someone else's property, a public area or a communal space, data protection law applies. The government's domestic CCTV guidance puts the same boundary test in terms of images captured outside the boundary of your private domestic property, such as from neighbours' homes or gardens, shared spaces or public areas.

The underlying reason is in the legislation: the UK GDPR does not apply to processing of personal data by an individual in the course of a purely personal or household activity, and a camera pointed beyond your own land stops being purely that. Raise it at the survey, because the cheapest time to move a camera is before the bracket goes up.

When the alarm sounds: 999, 101 and who holds the keys

Government guidance on reporting a crime is to call 999 and ask for the police if you or someone else is in immediate danger or the crime is in progress, and to use 101 or the online reporting portal otherwise - police.uk in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and the Police Scotland portal in Scotland. If you come home to signs of a break-in, do not go in and check the house first.

A sounder that will not stop is a separate problem with its own law. In England and Wales, Part 7 of the Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005 lets a local authority designate an alarm notification area; where one is in force, an occupier must nominate a key holder and notify the authority after an alarm is installed, and an authorised officer may enter to silence an alarm that has been sounding continuously or intermittently for long enough, with a warrant needed for forced entry. Northern Ireland has its own version: in an alarm notification area there, an audible intruder alarm must have a nominated key holder the police can contact, registered with the local council.

Whoever your key holder is, keep their details current with whoever needs them, and make sure they can actually silence the alarm. A key holder who no longer lives nearby, or who never learned the code, is the usual reason a sounder runs all afternoon.

Contracts, cancellation rights and the standard of the work

Security is sold at the door more often than most trades, which is exactly the situation consumer law is written for. Under the Consumer Contracts (Information, Cancellation and Additional Charges) Regulations 2013, a consumer who enters a service contract away from business premises or at a distance generally has a cancellation period ending 14 days after the day the contract was entered into. There is a catch worth understanding before you sign: the right can be lost where the service has been fully performed and performance began at your express request, with your acknowledgement that you would lose the right to cancel.

The work itself is covered separately. Section 49 of the Consumer Rights Act 2015 treats every contract to supply a service as including a term that the trader must perform the service with reasonable care and skill. That applies to the installation regardless of what the equipment warranty says, and it is the provision to point at when a job has been done badly rather than merely disappointingly.

Keeping a home security system worth having

  • Walk-test the detectors at the interval the manufacturer states, and check that the doors people actually use are still protected after any furniture or building work has moved.
  • Replace detector and sensor batteries before they announce themselves, and note the date somewhere other than the panel.
  • Keep the admin account in your own name, with your own password, and remove installer or ex-partner access you no longer want.
  • Check what each camera sees after the hedge grows, the fence is replaced or a neighbour builds an extension.
  • Keep key holder and contact details up to date with anyone who would be called, including whoever holds your spare keys.
  • Keep the handover paperwork, certificates and equipment manuals together, because the next installer or the insurer will ask for them.

Home Security Installers: frequently asked questions

Do home security installers need a licence in the UK?

No. The Security Industry Authority licenses security operatives - guarding, door supervision, close protection, cash and valuables in transit, public space surveillance using CCTV and key holding - and those activities come from Schedule 2 to the Private Security Industry Act 2001. Installing an alarm or a camera in a private home is not among them, so there is no licence to ask for. Check the electrical side instead, along with insurance and a written scope.

Does my existing house have to meet Approved Document Q?

No. Approved Document Q supports requirement Q1 of the Building Regulations 2010, which applies only in relation to new dwellings, and it applies in England. Scotland has its own standard 4.13 for doors and windows vulnerable to unlawful entry in domestic buildings, and Northern Ireland has separate building regulations. For an existing home, treat the new-build standards as a specification you can choose to ask for.

Is a company allowed to hold my keys and respond when the alarm goes off?

Yes, but that part is licensable. Schedule 2 to the Private Security Industry Act 2001 covers keeping custody of, or controlling access to, a key or similar device for operating a lock, and key holding is one of the sectors the SIA licenses. Ask who specifically will hold the keys and whether they are licensed for key holding, which is a fair question even though nobody needed a licence to fit the system.

Will a security system lower my insurance premium?

That is a question for your insurer, not your installer, and the answer varies between policies. Ask the insurer what they require before the work is specified rather than afterwards, get any requirement in writing, and send them the installation paperwork once the job is done. Changing locks or alarm arrangements can also affect the conditions attached to an existing policy.

Who do I complain to if the installation is poor?

Start with the business in writing, setting out what was agreed and what was delivered. Section 49 of the Consumer Rights Act 2015 requires a service to be performed with reasonable care and skill, which is the standard you are holding them to. If the contract was signed at your home or at a distance and you are still inside the cancellation period in the Consumer Contracts Regulations 2013, say so in the same letter.

Sources

  1. Private Security Industry Act 2001, Schedule 2: activities liable to control
  2. Security Industry Authority: about us and the sectors it licenses
  3. SIA: find out if you need an SIA licence
  4. Approved Document Q: security in dwellings (England)
  5. Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004, Schedule 5: standard 4.13 security
  6. Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2012
  7. ICO: home CCTV systems
  8. Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005, Part 7: audible intruder alarms
  9. Alarm noise control: key holder registration (Northern Ireland)
  10. Consumer Rights Act 2015, section 49: service performed with reasonable care and skill
  11. Consumer Contracts (Information, Cancellation and Additional Charges) Regulations 2013, Part 3
  12. Report a crime or anti-social behaviour

Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed 14 September 2026. How we write and check our guides

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What affects the cost of home security

Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:

  • Number of cameras, sensors or devices
  • Wired or wireless installation
  • Monitoring and subscription fees
  • Running cables through finished walls or ceilings
  • Size and layout of the home
  • Integration with other smart home or network equipment

How to compare home security installers before you hire

  • Choose an installer who looks at your home in person and explains where cameras, sensors or access points should go.
  • Ask whether monitoring is included, whether it's optional and what the contract length and cancellation terms are.
  • Find out whether you'll own the equipment or lease it, and whether it works with other systems.
  • For hardwired systems, make sure any electrical work is done by a licensed electrician.
  • Ask how they'll set up passwords, apps and network security, and make sure you get the admin access.

Questions to ask home security installers before you hire

  • Will I own the equipment, or is it leased or tied to a contract?
  • Is monitoring required, and what are the cancellation terms?
  • Where will the cameras point, and will they capture my neighbours' property?
  • Who will have access to the video and the account?
  • Will this work with my existing Wi-Fi, locks or smart home devices?
  • What warranty covers the equipment and the installation?

Home security permits and local rules

Some home security work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.

Permits and licensing

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