Wildlife Removal
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Wildlife work in Australia begins with a legal question rather than a practical one: who is allowed to touch this animal. Native fauna is protected by statute in every state and territory — in New South Wales, possums are protected under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 — so the animal in your roof is not something a contractor can simply remove and take away. What is lawful depends on the species, on the state, and on whether the person doing the work holds the right authority.
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Possums are the clearest illustration. New South Wales advises that catching and releasing possums is illegal without a licence, and grants biodiversity conservation licences under Part 2 of that Act to people and businesses who catch and release possums to mitigate property damage. Victoria takes a different route to a similar place: common brushtail possums living in buildings may be humanely trapped by residents and land managers under a Governor in Council Order, using traps that will not cause injury, with lethal control requiring an Authority to Control Wildlife from the state department.
Bats sit in a category of their own, and the rule is absolute. NSW Health advises that only people who have been vaccinated against rabies and trained in handling bats should ever handle bats or flying foxes, because any bat in Australia could potentially carry Australian bat lyssavirus. No homeowner and no unvaccinated contractor should be touching one, for any reason.
What actually moves into Australian roofs and yards
- Brushtail possums in roof voids and wall cavities, which is by far the most common call in eastern Australian suburbs.
- Ringtail possums in pergolas, hedges and garden structures, usually building a visible nest rather than entering the house.
- Microbats roosting in a roof void or behind cladding, often noticed as a smell or as staining rather than as noise.
- Flying-foxes camping in trees on or near a property, which is a camp management question rather than a removal job.
- Snakes in a garden, a shed or occasionally a roof void, which is strictly a job for a licensed catcher.
- Birds nesting in a gutter, a flue or behind a solar panel, where protected native species are common.
- Introduced species such as foxes and feral cats, which are managed under a different legal framework again.
Protected species: what the law actually says, state by state
In New South Wales, possums are protected under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016, and the state's advice is blunt: catching and releasing possums is illegal and prohibited without a licence. A biodiversity conservation licence may be granted under Part 2 of that Act to persons or businesses to catch and release possums to mitigate damage to property, and handlers operate under strict conditions covering human safety and animal welfare. There is a public register of wildlife licences, so a claim to hold one can be checked.
Victoria approaches the same animal differently. Common brushtail possums living in buildings may be humanely trapped by residents and land managers under a Governor in Council Order, provided the traps will not cause injury and the animal is released on the same property. Lethal control is a separate matter requiring an Authority to Control Wildlife from the state department, and Victoria states that such an authority is granted only where all practical non-lethal control options have been exhausted.
Those are two states. Every other state and territory has its own wildlife statute, its own permit system and its own terminology, so the safe assumption is that the rule where you live is specific rather than national. Ask any operator which authority they hold and under which Act, and check it before work starts.
The authority a wildlife operator should be able to show you
- In New South Wales, a biodiversity conservation licence granted under Part 2 of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 for catch-and-release possum work.
- In Victoria, either reliance on the Governor in Council Order for trapping brushtail possums in buildings or an Authority to Control Wildlife for lethal control.
- A separate pesticide licence where any chemical is going to be applied as part of the job.
- Evidence that the operator's licence covers the specific species involved, not wildlife work in general.
- Written confirmation of where the animal will be released, because the release rules are part of the licence conditions.
- Current public liability insurance, particularly for work that involves a roof void, a ladder or a height.
Bats, snakes and the two jobs nobody should attempt
Bats are the first. NSW Health advises that only people who have been vaccinated against rabies and who are trained in handling bats should ever handle bats or flying foxes, because evidence of Australian bat lyssavirus infection has been found in flying foxes and in insect-eating microbats, and any bat in Australia could potentially carry it. The behaviour or appearance of a bat gives no indication either way. Infection can occur through bites or scratches, or where saliva reaches the eyes, nose or mouth. Contact with bat faeces, urine or blood, or walking near a roosting area, does not pose a risk provided the bats are not handled. If you are bitten or scratched, NSW Health advises washing the wound thoroughly with soap and water for at least fifteen minutes, applying an antiseptic with anti-virus action, and seeking medical attention as soon as possible.
Snakes are the second, and there is no version of this advice that includes doing it yourself. Do not attempt to catch, trap, corner or kill a snake. Move people and pets away, keep the animal in sight from a safe distance if you can do so without approaching, close the door to the room if it is indoors, and call a licensed snake catcher. Most bites in Australia happen to people who were trying to interfere with the animal. If anyone is bitten, call triple zero immediately.
How a possum in the roof is dealt with properly
- Confirm the species and the number of animals, and check for dependent young before anything is closed off.
- Find every entry point by inspection from inside the roof void and from outside at roof level.
- Install a one-way door at the active entry so the animal can leave at night and cannot return.
- Provide an alternative home nearby, which in New South Wales means setting up a nest box before the roof is closed.
- Close the remaining access points — roof cavities, chimneys, drainpipes and any other gap around the building.
- Trim overhanging branches that let the animal reach the roof in the first place.
- Remove the one-way door and permanently seal the last opening only once you are certain nothing is still inside.
The ways wildlife jobs go wrong
- Sealing the roof while the animal is still inside, which is both a welfare disaster and a smell that lasts for weeks.
- Closing the entry during spring or summer when dependent young are in the nest and the mother has been excluded.
- Relocating an animal away from the property, which the release rules prohibit and which usually kills it anyway.
- Treating the roof and ignoring the branch that made the roof reachable, so the space is reoccupied within days.
- Removing a possum without providing the nest box that gives it somewhere else to go.
- Hiring someone who cannot name the licence they hold, which in New South Wales means the work itself may be unlawful.
Wildlife Removal: frequently asked questions
Can I trap the possum in my roof and release it in a park?
No. In New South Wales, possums are protected under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016 and catching and releasing them is illegal without a licence; where a licensed handler does it, the animal must be released on the property where it was captured, at dusk, no more than 150 metres from the point of capture, near something it can immediately climb. Victoria allows residents to trap brushtail possums living in buildings under a Governor in Council Order, but requires release on the same property within 50 metres of the capture site, and relocation beyond that is prohibited. Possums are territorial, and one dumped in unfamiliar territory is attacked by residents and frequently dies.
There are bats in my roof. Can I get them out myself?
Not by handling them, under any circumstances. NSW Health advises that only people vaccinated against rabies and trained in handling bats should ever handle bats or flying foxes, because any bat in Australia could potentially carry Australian bat lyssavirus and its appearance or behaviour tells you nothing about whether it does. The reassuring part is that contact with bat faeces, urine or blood, and being near a roost, does not pose a risk of infection as long as the bats are not handled. Contact your state wildlife authority or a licensed wildlife rescue group, and treat exclusion as a job to be planned around the animals' biology rather than done in an afternoon.
What do I do about a snake in the yard?
Keep everyone away from it and call a licensed snake catcher. Do not try to catch it, corner it, hose it, throw things at it or kill it. Move children and pets indoors, keep the animal in view from a safe distance if you can do that without going near it, and if it is inside the house, shut the door of the room and place a towel along the gap at the bottom. Most snakebites in Australia happen to people who were interfering with the animal. If someone is bitten, call triple zero immediately and keep the person still.
How do I know a wildlife operator is properly licensed?
Ask which authority they hold, under which Act, and for which species, then check it rather than taking it on trust. In New South Wales, catch-and-release possum handlers operate under a biodiversity conservation licence granted under Part 2 of the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016, and there is a public register of wildlife licences. In Victoria, trapping brushtail possums in buildings relies on a Governor in Council Order, while lethal control needs an Authority to Control Wildlife from the state department. An operator who cannot name their authority is not the person for this job.
Is it cruel to block the possum out of the roof?
Not if it is done in the right order, and very much so if it is not. Done properly, a one-way door lets the animal leave of its own accord at night and prevents it returning, an alternative nest box is provided nearby, and the roof is sealed only once nobody is left inside. Done badly, the roof is sealed with an animal still in it, or with dependent young left behind after the mother has been excluded, which is why the timing of the work and a proper check for young are not optional parts of the process.
Sources
Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed 22 September 2026. How we write and check our guides
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What affects the cost of wildlife removal
Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:
- Type of pest or animal
- How widespread the problem is
- Size of the home and number of units affected
- Treatment method
- Number of follow-up visits
- Exclusion work, such as sealing gaps or installing barriers
How to compare wildlife removal companies before you hire
- Choose a company that inspects first and identifies the pest before recommending treatment.
- Ask whether they are licensed to apply pest control products in your area.
- For wildlife like raccoons, squirrels or birds, look for a company that uses humane removal and seals entry points.
- Ask how they'll keep children, pets and food safe during and after treatment.
- Get the treatment plan in writing, including follow-up visits and what happens if the problem comes back.
Questions to ask wildlife removal companies before you hire
- What pest do you think this is, and how did you identify it?
- Are you licensed to apply pest control products in my area?
- What products or methods will you use, and are they safe around children and pets?
- How do I need to prepare my home before treatment?
- How many visits are included, and what happens if the problem comes back?
- Will you seal entry points so the problem doesn't return?
When to call a pro for wildlife removal
- Droppings, gnaw marks or scratching noises in walls or the attic
- Bites or small blood spots on bedding that could point to bed bugs
- A wasp or hornet nest near a door, deck or play area
- An animal living in the attic, chimney or under a deck
Wildlife removal permits and local rules
Some wildlife removal work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.
Permits and licensingSeasonal maintenance
This job is part of our home maintenance checklists for:
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