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Birds & Pigeons

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Bird work on an Australian building splits immediately along a legal line. Introduced species such as feral pigeons, common starlings, common mynas and house sparrows are managed as pests. Native birds — magpies, ibis, lorikeets, swallows, wattlebirds and everything else that belongs here — are protected by state wildlife law, in the same way that possums are protected in New South Wales under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016. Identification therefore decides not just the method but whether the job is lawful at all.

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The second thing to understand is that the health hazard is in the dried droppings rather than in the birds. NSW Health's advice on psittacosis is that infection usually occurs when a person inhales the bacteria, usually from dried droppings, mucous or feather dust from infected birds, and that the bacteria are found in pigeons, poultry, canaries and sea birds as well as in pet birds. Its prevention advice includes not allowing droppings to build up, dry out or become airborne, and wearing a P2 respirator and dampening droppings before cleaning.

Practically, that makes a bird job three things at once: an identification question, a respiratory-protection question, and a proofing question. Hosing an accumulation off a roof without any of that thinking is the version that makes somebody ill.

Proofing methods and where each one belongs

  • Netting across a courtyard, a void or an undercroft, which is the most reliable exclusion where the opening is large.
  • Post-and-wire systems along narrow ledges, which deter landing without dominating the look of a facade.
  • Spikes on parapets, sills and signage, effective against perching and useless against a bird already nesting behind them.
  • Mesh screening under solar panels, which is now one of the most common bird jobs on Australian houses.
  • Gutter and valley guards, which keep nesting material out of the drainage rather than deterring the bird directly.
  • Flue and vent cowls with integral mesh, which close an entry that is otherwise an open invitation.
  • Physical closure of a roof gap or a broken tile, which is usually the cheapest and most durable fix available.

Identify the bird before anyone touches the nest

Native birds are protected under state and territory wildlife legislation across Australia. In New South Wales the relevant statute is the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016, which is the same Act that protects possums, and interfering with a protected animal without the appropriate authority is an offence. Because each jurisdiction has its own wildlife law and its own permit system, the rule that applies to a nest on your roof is a state rule rather than a national one.

Introduced species are treated differently, but the distinction is made by identification rather than by assumption. A swallow's mud nest under an eave, a magpie's nest in a tree and a pigeon's nest behind a solar panel are three different legal situations, and telling them apart from the ground is not always easy. Photograph the bird and the nest and get an identification before anything is removed.

Timing matters as much as identification. Work that is straightforward when a ledge is empty becomes a welfare problem and potentially an offence when there are eggs or chicks on it, which is why a proofing job is planned around the breeding season rather than around the contractor's availability.

Dried droppings, dust and the clean-up nobody should rush

NSW Health's psittacosis advice is specific about the mechanism: infection usually occurs when a person inhales the bacteria, usually from dried droppings, mucous or feather dust from infected birds. Its prevention advice is to not allow droppings to build up, dry up or become airborne, and to wear a P2 respirator and dampen any droppings before cleaning. Symptoms it lists include headache, fever, chills, weakness, muscle aches, a dry cough, chest pain and breathlessness, with severe cases progressing to pneumonia.

Translated to a roof or a ceiling void, that means the accumulation under a long-standing roost is dampened before it is disturbed, not swept dry and not blown out with compressed air. It also means a respirator rather than a dust mask, gloves, and clothing that comes off and goes straight into the wash. If a household member develops a fever and a dry cough in the weeks after a clean-up, mention the bird exposure to the doctor, because it changes what they are looking for.

The other hazard is the building itself. Most bird proofing happens at height, on a roof, or over a void, and the fall risk is the thing most likely to hurt somebody on the day. That is a job for a contractor with the right access equipment, not for a homeowner on an extension ladder.

How a bird proofing job should be planned

  • Identify the species and confirm whether it is protected, before anything is quoted or removed.
  • Establish what the birds are doing on the building — perching, roosting or nesting — because each needs a different treatment.
  • Check for eggs and chicks, and schedule the work outside the breeding period if there are any.
  • Plan the clean-up first: dampening, respiratory protection, containment and disposal of the accumulated material.
  • Choose proofing that suits the surface, the exposure and the look of the building, rather than spiking everything.
  • Fix the underlying openings — broken tiles, missing cowls, gaps at the fascia — as part of the same visit.
  • Agree who returns to check and maintain the netting or wire, because a sagging net is worse than no net at all.

What a bird colony actually does to a building

  • Droppings accumulate in gutters and valleys and cause overflow into the eaves during heavy rain.
  • Nesting material blocks downpipes and box gutters, which is how a bird problem becomes a water damage claim.
  • Acidic droppings degrade paint, render and some metal flashings over time.
  • Nests built under solar panels reduce output, hold moisture against the roof and create a fire risk around cabling.
  • Mites and other parasites associated with an abandoned nest can move into the rooms below it.
  • A blocked flue or vent is a genuine safety issue rather than a nuisance and should be cleared promptly.
  • Noise and mess at an entrance or a courtyard is often what finally prompts the call, long after the damage started.

Keeping a proofed building proofed

  • Inspect netting and wire at least annually and after storms, looking for sag, tension loss and failed fixings.
  • Clear gutters and valleys before the wet season so nesting material does not become a blockage.
  • Re-screen any new penetration created by solar, air-conditioning or plumbing work.
  • Stop feeding birds near the building, and ask neighbours to do the same if it is a shared problem.
  • Keep bins closed and outdoor eating areas clean, particularly in shopping-strip and courtyard settings.
  • Deal with a single new nest quickly, before one nest becomes a roost and a roost becomes a colony.

Birds & Pigeons: frequently asked questions

Can I remove a bird nest from my roof?

It depends entirely on the species, and the answer is a state one. Native birds are protected under state and territory wildlife law — in New South Wales, under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016, the same Act that protects possums — so interfering with a protected bird or its nest without the appropriate authority is an offence. Introduced species such as feral pigeons, starlings, common mynas and house sparrows are treated differently. Photograph the bird and the nest, get an identification, and if there are eggs or chicks, plan the work for after the breeding period regardless of species.

Is cleaning up pigeon droppings dangerous?

It needs to be done properly rather than casually. NSW Health advises that psittacosis infection usually occurs when a person inhales the bacteria, usually from dried droppings, mucous or feather dust from infected birds, and its prevention advice is to not let droppings build up, dry out or become airborne, and to wear a P2 respirator and dampen any droppings before cleaning. In practice that means never sweeping a dry accumulation or blowing it out with compressed air, wearing gloves and a proper respirator, and washing thoroughly afterwards.

There are birds nesting under my solar panels. What is the fix?

Mesh screening around the perimeter of the array, installed after the space beneath it has been cleared. It has become one of the most common bird jobs in Australia because the gap between panel and roof is sheltered, warm and almost perfectly protected from predators. Left alone it collects nesting material against roof penetrations and around cabling, holds moisture, and reduces output. Have it done by someone who will work with your solar installer or at least avoid voiding the array's warranty, and have the roof beneath checked while the mess is out.

Do spikes actually work?

On the right surface, for the right behaviour. Spikes deter a bird from landing on a narrow ledge, a parapet or a sign, which addresses perching. They do nothing about a bird that has already got behind them into a void, and they do nothing about a nesting site, which is why spiking a building with an established roost inside it is a waste of money. Match the method to what the birds are actually doing: netting or physical closure for access, wire or spikes for perching, and repairs for the openings that let them in.

The birds are being fed by a neighbour. Can proofing still work?

Yes, though it has to be more thorough. Proofing works by removing the opportunity to land, roost and nest on your building, and that holds whether or not there is food nearby. What a nearby food source does is raise the pressure on every weak point, so a gap you would otherwise get away with becomes the one they use. If feeding is happening close by, expect to need complete closure rather than partial deterrence, and to check the installation more often.

Sources

  1. NSW Health: Psittacosis (ornithosis) fact sheet
  2. NSW Environment and Heritage: How to remove a possum from your roof

Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed 22 September 2026. How we write and check our guides

What affects the cost of bird control

Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:

  • Type of pest or animal
  • How widespread the problem is
  • Size of the home and number of units affected
  • Treatment method
  • Number of follow-up visits
  • Exclusion work, such as sealing gaps or installing barriers

How to compare wildlife removal companies before you hire

  • Choose a company that inspects first and identifies the pest before recommending treatment.
  • Ask whether they are licensed to apply pest control products in your area.
  • For wildlife like raccoons, squirrels or birds, look for a company that uses humane removal and seals entry points.
  • Ask how they'll keep children, pets and food safe during and after treatment.
  • Get the treatment plan in writing, including follow-up visits and what happens if the problem comes back.

Questions to ask wildlife removal companies before you hire

  • What pest do you think this is, and how did you identify it?
  • Are you licensed to apply pest control products in my area?
  • What products or methods will you use, and are they safe around children and pets?
  • How do I need to prepare my home before treatment?
  • How many visits are included, and what happens if the problem comes back?
  • Will you seal entry points so the problem doesn't return?

When to call a pro for bird control

  • Droppings, gnaw marks or scratching noises in walls or the attic
  • Bites or small blood spots on bedding that could point to bed bugs
  • A wasp or hornet nest near a door, deck or play area
  • An animal living in the attic, chimney or under a deck

Bird control permits and local rules

Some bird control work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.

Permits and licensing

Seasonal maintenance

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