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The single most useful thing to understand about Australian approvals is that there are two of them, and they are assessed by different people against different questions. The planning or development approval asks whether your proposal is acceptable on this land: setbacks, height, overshadowing, overlays, character, neighbours. The building approval or building permit asks whether what you intend to build complies with the National Construction Code. Getting one does not get you the other, and the drawings each wants are not the same drawings.

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Who issues them also varies by state, which is the part that generates most confusion in online advice. Planning approval comes from the local council, or from a state process for certain kinds of development. The building approval is issued by a building surveyor or certifier, who in some states is routinely a private practitioner engaged by the owner and in others sits within the council. Some jurisdictions also have a fast-track path for development that meets prescribed standards, which removes the discretionary planning assessment but never removes the building approval.

A permit and drawing service exists to produce the documents those two assessments need, in the order they need them. That means measuring what is actually there, resolving the design against the controls that apply to your land before lodging anything, preparing the plan set in the format your council accepts, and then developing the same design into the technical set the certifier will assess. Done well, it is unglamorous and it saves months.

Two approvals, not one, and in this order

Start with the land, not the building. Before any drawing is worth doing, someone has to establish what the planning instrument for your property allows: the zone, the overlays, the setbacks, the site coverage, the height controls, and whether anything on or near the site is heritage listed or environmentally constrained. Those inputs bound the design. A scheme drawn without them is an expensive sketch.

The planning application is then assessed by the council against those controls, and it is a discretionary assessment in most cases — neighbours may be notified, and conditions are commonly imposed. Only once that approval exists, and its conditions are known, is it sensible to finalise the technical documentation.

The building approval is a compliance assessment, not a discretionary one. A building surveyor or certifier examines whether the documented building satisfies the National Construction Code and the state's building legislation, and issues the permit that lets work start. Because the certifier assesses documents, an incomplete set is the most common reason a permit stalls.

The drawing sets each approval actually wants

  • A site plan showing boundaries, setbacks, levels, existing and proposed structures, and everything being removed, which is the drawing councils reject most often for being incomplete.
  • Floor plans of existing and proposed layouts, with demolition shown separately rather than implied.
  • Elevations and sections that demonstrate height, wall heights on boundaries and the relationship to neighbouring buildings.
  • Shadow diagrams where overshadowing is an assessable matter, drawn for the times and dates the control specifies.
  • A notification or streetscape drawing where the council requires neighbours to be able to understand the proposal.
  • For the building approval, a technical set: construction details, specifications, an energy assessment, and the engineering documents the certifier will ask for.
  • Supporting reports where the site demands them, such as a survey, a soil report or a report on a constraint identified in the planning controls.

Who is allowed to prepare the plans

This is a state question with genuinely different answers. Queensland licences the preparation of plans and specifications: the QBCC's building design low rise licence covers plans and specifications for class 1 and class 10 buildings, and for class 2 to 9 buildings under a floor area cap excluding Type A and Type B construction, with two years of experience and professional indemnity insurance as conditions of holding it. A person without an appropriate licence class cannot lawfully prepare those plans in Queensland.

Victoria approaches the same territory through language rather than licence classes. The Architects Registration Board of Victoria says the Architects Act 1991 regulates the terms architect, architectural services, architectural design services and architectural design, so what a Victorian drafting service may call itself is constrained even where the drawing work itself is not licensed in the Queensland manner.

Elsewhere the arrangements differ again, and in several states preparing house plans is not separately licensed. The reliable move is to ask which regulator the practice answers to for a job in your state, and to check any licence number on the regulator's own register rather than on the practice's website.

From first measure to a permit in hand

  • A site measure and, where levels or boundaries matter, a survey, because a planning assessment turns on setbacks and levels that cannot be estimated.
  • A controls check against the planning instrument for the property, producing a written list of what the design must satisfy.
  • A design resolved against those controls, with the compromises made deliberately rather than after a refusal.
  • Lodgement of the planning application in the council's required format, with every drawing the checklist names.
  • A response stage, because requests for further information are normal rather than a sign of failure, and should be inside the fee.
  • Development of the approved scheme into the technical set, including energy and engineering input, for the building surveyor or certifier.
  • Issue of the building approval or permit, after which changes cost far more than they did a month earlier.

Work already built without approval

Unapproved work is common in Australian housing: a carport, an enclosed verandah, a converted garage, a studio at the back. It surfaces at sale, at insurance claim, or when the next approval is sought and the certifier looks at a plan that does not match the building.

The route back is a state process and it is not the same everywhere, but the shape is usually similar. The structure has to be documented as built, assessed against the requirements that apply, and in many cases opened up so that what is behind the linings can be seen. Where it cannot be shown to comply, the options narrow to modification or removal.

The honest advice is to deal with it before you need to, and to be careful about who you ask. A drawing service can document the structure, but only the relevant council or a registered building surveyor or certifier can tell you what will actually be accepted in your jurisdiction. Get that answer in writing before spending money on drawings.

Why applications stall

  • The site plan does not show levels, or shows boundaries taken from a title diagram rather than from a survey.
  • Demolition is implied by comparison between two plans instead of being drawn as its own sheet.
  • An overlay or constraint on the property was never checked, so the first the applicant hears of it is in the council's response.
  • Shadow diagrams were drawn for the wrong dates or times, which means they have to be redone.
  • The technical set was started before the planning conditions were known, so it documents a building that was not approved.
  • The fee proposal did not cover responses to requests for further information, turning an ordinary stage of the process into a dispute.
  • Nobody confirmed whether preparing the plans required a licence in that state, which in Queensland is a real problem rather than a formality.

Permit & Drawing Services: frequently asked questions

What is the difference between planning approval and a building permit in Australia?

They answer different questions and are assessed by different people. The planning or development approval, granted by the council, asks whether the proposal is acceptable on that land against the planning controls — setbacks, height, overshadowing, overlays and neighbourhood character. The building approval or building permit, issued by a building surveyor or certifier, asks whether what you intend to build complies with the National Construction Code and the state's building legislation. Holding one does not give you the other, and the drawing sets they require are different.

Who issues the building permit where I live?

That varies by state and territory. In some jurisdictions a private building surveyor or certifier engaged by the owner issues the permit; in others the function sits with the council. Some states have both paths available. Because it is a state matter, the answer for your project comes from your state's building regulator or your local council, not from generic advice. Establish it early, because the person who will assess your documents is also the person best placed to tell you what the set must contain.

Do I need a licence to draw my own house plans?

In Queensland, preparing plans and specifications is licensed work: the QBCC's building design low rise licence covers class 1 and class 10 buildings, along with class 2 to 9 buildings under a floor area cap excluding Type A and Type B construction, and requires two years of experience and professional indemnity insurance. Other states take different approaches, and in several the drawing itself is not separately licensed. Separately, Victoria's Architects Act 1991 regulates the terms architectural services and architectural design, which constrains how a drafting service may describe itself there.

How long does an approval take?

Long enough that it should be in your program from the start, and variable enough that no honest answer is a single number. The planning stage depends on the council, on whether neighbours are notified, and on how complete the lodgement was — an incomplete set restarts the clock. The building approval is a document assessment and moves faster, but only once the technical set, the energy assessment and the engineering are all in hand. The biggest controllable factor is the quality of the first lodgement.

What happens if work was built without approval?

It usually surfaces at sale, at an insurance claim, or when the next approval is sought and the documents do not match the building. The path back differs by state, but generally the structure must be documented as built and assessed against the applicable requirements, and in many cases opened up so concealed work can be inspected. Where compliance cannot be demonstrated, the remaining options are modification or removal. Ask the council or a registered building surveyor or certifier what will be accepted in your jurisdiction before commissioning drawings.

Sources

  1. QBCC: Building design — low rise licence scope
  2. QBCC: Building design and hydraulic design licences
  3. Architects Registration Board of Victoria: Prohibited conduct in the architectural industry
  4. Building Act 1993 (Victoria)

Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed 22 September 2026. How we write and check our guides

What affects the cost of permit drawing

Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:

  • Type of professional and service needed
  • Size and complexity of the project
  • Level of detail in drawings or reports
  • Number of site visits and meetings
  • Number of design revisions
  • Help with permits or contractor selection

How to compare designers before you hire

  • Match the professional to the job: an architect or engineer where the work requires one, a designer for layout and finishes, or an inspector for a condition report.
  • Ask whether they are licensed or certified for this type of work in your area, where that applies.
  • Review a portfolio or sample report that's similar to your project.
  • Get a written agreement that spells out the services, deliverables, number of revisions and how fees are charged.
  • Ask whether their drawings will be suitable for a permit application, and whether they'll help with it.

Questions to ask designers before you hire

  • Are you licensed or certified for this type of work in my area?
  • What exactly will you deliver: drawings, specifications, a report or site visits?
  • How are your fees charged: a fixed fee, hourly or based on the project cost?
  • How many rounds of revisions are included?
  • Will your drawings be ready for a permit application, and will you submit it?
  • Can I see a sample of a similar project or report?
  • Do you carry professional liability insurance?

When to call a pro for permit drawing

  • Before removing or moving a wall that may be load-bearing
  • Before buying a home, to understand its condition
  • When a permit application needs drawings

Permit drawing permits and local rules

Some permit drawing work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.

Permits and licensing

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