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Hiring a window installer in the United Kingdom is unlike hiring most other trades, because the person fitting your windows is usually also the person certifying that the work meets the Building Regulations. GOV.UK lists replacing windows and doors among the alteration projects that might need building regulations approval, and sets out only two ways to get it: approval from a building control body, meaning your local authority's building control department or a private registered building control approver, or using someone registered with a competent person scheme, in which case you do not need to get approval yourself.
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That second route is how the overwhelming majority of domestic window work is signed off. The Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government authorises the schemes, and its published list names Fensa, CERTASS, Certsure, NAPIT, ASSURE and Blue Flame Certification for replacement windows, doors, roof windows or rooflights in existing dwellings. To register, installers have to demonstrate that they meet the relevant minimum technical competence requirements for the work they self-certify.
So the first question to put to an installer is not about glass or frames at all. It is who notifies the council, under which scheme, and what paperwork lands on your doormat afterwards. An installer belonging to no scheme can still do excellent work, but somebody then has to apply to a building control body instead, and that somebody is usually you.
Who notifies the council: competent person scheme or building control
Settle the notification route in writing before the survey, not after the old frames are in a skip. Under a competent person scheme the installer registers the job themselves and a certificate follows; outside one, an application goes to a building control body and an inspection is arranged and paid for. FENSA is blunt about where the risk lands when nobody establishes this at the outset: if your installer does not mention that you are responsible and does not offer a FENSA certificate or other building regulations compliance certificate, you will need to pay for an inspection by building control.
Ask for the scheme registration number and check it against the scheme's own register rather than accepting a logo on a van or a quotation. Membership is not a one-off badge — CERTASS describes itself as a UKAS accredited certification body and a government authorised certification body since 2006, whose members can self-certify installations as an alternative to Building Control, and FENSA says each of its approved installers, from large national brands to small local companies, is assessed regularly to ensure compliance with building regulations is continually maintained.
Scotland and Northern Ireland are separate systems and the scheme names do not travel. Scotland works under the Building (Scotland) Act 2003, where local authority verifiers are responsible for granting permission for work to be done, through a building warrant, and for a completed building to be occupied, through a completion certificate, against the Scottish technical handbooks. Northern Ireland's building regulations are made by the Department of Finance and administered by 11 district councils, with guidance in technical booklets. Ask the local authority what your job needs before you assume an England and Wales answer applies to your postcode.
What a compliant installation has to achieve, part by part
- Heat loss, Part L: the Planning Portal states that replacement windows and doors must comply with the Building Regulations in relation to the amount of heat that can pass through the glass and framework, measured as a U-value. Approved Document L sets standards for the energy performance of new and existing buildings in England, with Volume 1 covering dwellings.
- Ventilation, Part F: Approved Document F covers the ventilation requirements needed to maintain indoor air quality, again in a dwellings volume and a volume for other buildings, and its current editions came into force on 15 June 2022.
- Trickle vents: FENSA's guidance is that most replacement windows and doors must include trickle vents, because adequate ventilation needs to be provided to prevent excess condensation build up which could damage the structure of a property, applying from 15 June 2022 in England and 23 November 2022 in Wales.
- Safety glazing, Part K: Approved Document K covers protection from falling, collision and impact, and absorbed the glazing guidance that used to sit in Approved Document N. The Planning Portal places critical locations at any panel up to 800mm from floor level, any glazed door up to 1500mm from floor level, and any side panel within 300mm of the door edge up to 1500mm from floor level.
- Escape windows, Part B: Approved Document B covers fire safety within and around buildings, with Volume 1 for dwellings. Where a window serves as a means of escape, the Planning Portal gives a clear openable area of no less than 0.33 square metres, a width and a height neither of which is less than 450mm, and the bottom of the openable area no more than 1100mm above floor level.
- Structure, Part A: forming a brand new opening is structural work. Approved Document A covers the loadings on a building and the construction of the structural elements including the foundations, walls, floors, roofs and chimneys, which is where the lintel over a new window belongs.
The range of work window installers take on
- Like-for-like replacement into existing openings, the everyday job, notifiable and certified through a scheme.
- Forming new openings in masonry, which brings in lintels, propping and structural design rather than joinery alone.
- Enlarging or reducing an existing opening, common when a bathroom needs an escape-sized window or a knocked-through room needs more light.
- Bay windows, where the frames may be carrying load above and the rebuild sequence matters more than the product choice.
- Roof windows and rooflights in existing dwellings, which the competent person schemes cover alongside vertical windows.
- Secondary glazing fitted inside an existing window, often the only route available in a listed building.
- Overhaul and draught-proofing of original box sash windows, which some firms offer alongside replacement and some do not.
A new opening or a replacement in the existing one: why the distinction decides everything
Dropping a new unit into an opening that already exists is a different project from cutting a hole in a wall, and the two are quoted, approved and programmed differently. A replacement is notifiable work that a scheme member can self-certify in an afternoon. A new opening needs the wall above it supported, a lintel sized for what it carries, and the structural thinking that Approved Document A governs, so it usually involves a structural engineer or a building control application in its own right.
Planning permission usually sits outside all of this. The Planning Portal's position is that you do not normally need to apply for planning permission for the insertion of new windows and doors that are of a similar appearance to those used in the construction of the house, though a new bay window is treated as an extension and may require permission. Two exceptions catch people out: in a designated area such as a conservation area, national park or area of outstanding natural beauty there may be additional restrictions, and a council can make an Article 4 direction withdrawing permitted development rights so that an application becomes necessary.
There is also a rule aimed squarely at overlooking. Where new windows are in an upper-floor side elevation, the Planning Portal says they must be obscure-glazed and either non-opening or more than 1.7 metres above the floor level of the room they serve. An installer who has never mentioned it on a first-floor side wall has not thought the job through.
Warning signs an installer is not set up to certify the work
- No scheme registration number offered, or one that does not appear on the scheme's own register.
- Vagueness about who notifies the council, or an assurance that windows do not need notifying at all.
- Trickle vents left off the specification with no explanation of why an exemption would apply.
- No mention of safety glazing in a door, a side panel or a low-level pane.
- A bedroom window quoted without anyone checking whether it has to serve as a means of escape.
- A new opening priced without any reference to a lintel or to structural advice.
- Pressure to sign on the day of the visit, with a price that only survives until the salesperson leaves.
Installation faults that show up in the first year
Most complaints about new windows are complaints about fitting rather than about the units themselves. Draughts at the edge of a closed casement, a frame that has been packed out unevenly, sealant smeared over a gap that should have been closed properly, and drainage slots along the bottom of the outer frame left blocked or never formed all point at workmanship. So does a sash that binds in one corner or a handle that needs lifting before it will engage.
Condensation is the fault most often misdiagnosed. Government guidance describes condensation damp as moisture generated inside the home cooling and condensing onto colder parts of the building, naming window frames among them, so water on the room side of new glass is usually a ventilation and heating question rather than a defective unit. The same guidance asks directly whether windows have trickle vents and whether they are kept open and free from blockages. Misting sealed between the panes is the opposite case and is a genuine product failure.
Raise defects in writing while the installation is fresh and while the guarantee and the scheme complaints route are both available to you. Photograph what you can see, note the dates, and keep the correspondence with the certificate.
The certificate, the guarantee and the insurance standing behind them
FENSA describes its certificate as a declaration by the installation company to the homeowner that the windows and doors they have replaced comply with Building Regulations, use energy efficient products and are registered with the local council, and says it verifies that the warranty is insured and is essential when selling the property. That last point is the one with money attached, and GOV.UK puts the general case plainly: without approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.
A guarantee from the installing company is only worth as much as the company behind it, which is why the insurance matters. FENSA notes that where an installation was completed after 2014 you may have received an insurance backed guarantee policy, covering the installer's written guarantee in the event that they cease to trade. Ask whether one is being provided, who underwrites it, and how a claim would be made if the firm no longer existed.
File everything together the day it arrives: the certificate, the guarantee and any insurance policy, the quotation and specification, and any structural advice for a new opening. A buyer's solicitor will ask for the certificate years from now, and reconstructing the paperwork mid-sale is far harder than keeping it.
Window Installers: frequently asked questions
Do window installers in the UK need a licence?
There is no single national licence to fit windows. What is regulated is the work: GOV.UK lists replacing windows and doors among the jobs needing building regulations approval in England and Wales, and the MHCLG-authorised competent person schemes — Fensa, CERTASS, Certsure, NAPIT, ASSURE and Blue Flame Certification for replacement windows, doors, roof windows or rooflights in existing dwellings — let a registered installer self-certify it. Registration requires demonstrating the relevant minimum technical competence. An installer outside a scheme is not barred from the work, but building control then has to be involved instead.
How do I check an installer really is registered?
Ask for the scheme name and the registration number, then check it on that scheme's own register rather than trusting a logo. GOV.UK publishes the list of authorised schemes and the work each covers, so you can confirm the scheme itself is authorised for replacement windows and doors in existing dwellings. If the answer is evasive, treat that as the answer.
I want a new window where there is no opening now. Is that a bigger job?
Considerably. Cutting a new opening in a wall is structural work rather than a swap, and Approved Document A covers the loadings on a building and the construction of structural elements including walls, which is where the lintel over your new window sits. Expect propping, a lintel specified for what it carries, and often structural advice or a separate building control application. Planning permission is usually not needed for windows of similar appearance to the existing ones, but a new bay window is treated as an extension and may require it.
Does my bedroom window have to open wide enough to escape through?
Where a window is required to serve as a means of escape, yes, and the dimensions are specific. The Planning Portal gives a clear openable area of no less than 0.33 square metres, a width and height neither of which is less than 450mm, and the bottom of the openable area no more than 1100mm above floor level. Approved Document B covers fire safety in dwellings. Ask your installer to confirm in writing which openings this applies to before the order is placed, because it can change the hardware and sometimes the size of the frame.
Do the same rules apply in Scotland and Northern Ireland?
No. Scotland works under the Building (Scotland) Act 2003, which came into force in 2005, with local authority verifiers granting the building warrant for work to be done and the completion certificate for a completed building to be occupied, against Scotland's own technical handbooks. Northern Ireland's building regulations are made by the Department of Finance and administered by 11 district councils, with technical booklets including Technical Booklet V for glazing and Technical Booklet K for ventilation. The Approved Documents and the FENSA and CERTASS schemes are England and Wales arrangements.
How does LokalMatch work for window installation?
You describe the job once — how many openings, what is there now, and whether anything is changing shape — and window installers covering your postcode contact you directly. Installers pay for the requests they receive, so there is no charge to a homeowner for posting one. LokalMatch does not fit windows and does not set prices, and it does not vet, rank or recommend anyone, so checking scheme registration, insurance and who notifies the council remains your job.
Sources
- GOV.UK: When you need building regulations approval
- GOV.UK: Competent person scheme — current schemes and how schemes are authorised
- Planning Portal: Doors and windows — Building Regulations
- Planning Portal: Doors and windows — planning permission
- FENSA: Information for homeowners
- FENSA: Building Regulations for homeowners — Approved Document F
- FENSA: The FENSA certificate
- CERTASS: UKAS accredited, government authorised certification body
- GOV.UK: Approved Document A — structure
- GOV.UK: Approved Document B — fire safety
- GOV.UK: Approved Document F — ventilation
- GOV.UK: Approved Document K — protection from falling, collision and impact
- GOV.UK: Approved Document L — conservation of fuel and power
- GOV.UK: Understanding and addressing the health risks of damp and mould in the home
- Scottish Government: Building standards
- Department of Finance NI: Building regulations technical booklets
- Building Control Northern Ireland: the regulations
Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed 14 September 2026. How we write and check our guides
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What affects the cost of window installation
Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:
- Number, size and style of windows or doors
- Frame material and glass options
- Full-frame replacement or insert
- Repairs to rotted framing or sills
- Interior and exterior trim and capping
- Access, including upper floors
How to compare window installers before you hire
- Look for an installer who measures on site and explains how the new window or door will be sealed and flashed.
- Ask whether the quote is for a full-frame replacement or an insert, and why they recommend it.
- Compare quotes on the same product type, glass options, installation method and interior and exterior trim.
- Ask who handles warranty issues: the installer, the manufacturer or both.
- For garage doors, choose a technician trained on springs and openers, since that work can be dangerous.
Questions to ask window installers before you hire
- Will you replace the full frame or install an insert, and what's the difference for my home?
- How will you insulate and seal around the new units?
- Is interior and exterior trim included in the price?
- What does the manufacturer's warranty cover, and what does your installation warranty cover?
- How long will it take for the products to arrive once I order?
- Will your own crew do the installation?
When to call a pro for window installation
- Drafts, condensation or fog between the panes
- Windows or doors that stick, won't lock or let water in
- A garage door that's off track or has a broken spring: don't try to force it, and call a garage door technician.
Window installation permits and local rules
Some window installation work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.
Permits and licensingGuides about window installation
- ✦
Window & Door Contractors guide
Replacing windows is one of the few home improvements in England and Wales that is notifiable building work nearly every time, and replacing a door often is as well.
Read guide - ✦
Window Replacement guide
Replacing the windows in a British home is a purchase with a paper trail attached. The units themselves are made to measure, the contract is often signed at your kitchen table rather than in a showroom, and the job…
Read guide - ✦
Window Repair guide
A great deal of what gets sold as window replacement in Britain is really window repair that nobody offered. A misted sealed unit, a dropped hinge, a perished gasket, a decayed cill on an otherwise sound timber sash, a…
Read guide
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