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A house mouse needs remarkably little to live in a British home: a gap the width of a pencil, some spilled dry food and a warm void. That is why mice are the pest most often dealt with badly — the traps or bait reduce the population, nobody closes the entry route, and the same problem returns the following autumn when the weather turns.
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The legal question that now sits over mouse control is glue traps, and it is one of the clearest examples of devolution in British pest law. Four countries have four positions. In England the offence commenced on 31 July 2024. In Wales a broader ban has applied since 17 October 2023. In Scotland the offences extend beyond use to supply and possession and came into force on 1 July 2026. Northern Ireland has its own arrangements and should be checked separately.
Everything else about mouse work is mechanical. Where the mice are getting in, what they are eating, and how the building lets them move between rooms without ever crossing a floor. Those three answers determine whether a treatment lasts a season or a decade, and none of them is a product.
How a mouse problem announces itself
- Large numbers of small dark droppings scattered across cupboard bases, drawer backs and behind appliances.
- Shredded paper, insulation or fabric gathered into a nest in an undisturbed corner, an appliance void or a loft.
- Gnawed corners on dry food packaging, particularly cereal, pet food and anything in a paper or thin plastic bag.
- A persistent stale, musty smell in an enclosed cupboard that returns after cleaning.
- Scratching or scurrying in a wall, ceiling void or under a floor, usually shortly after the house goes quiet.
- Dark greasy marks at the edge of a hole or along a pipe run, where the same route is used repeatedly.
- A cat or dog fixating on one particular unit, appliance or section of skirting for no visible reason.
Glue traps: four countries, four different answers
In England, section 1 of the Glue Traps (Offences) Act 2022 came into force on 31 July 2024. It makes it an offence to set a glue trap in England for the purpose of catching a rodent, and a separate offence to set one in a manner giving rise to a risk that a rodent will become caught, unless it is set under and in accordance with a glue trap licence. Knowingly causing or permitting either offence is also an offence. There is even an offence of finding a glue trap set in a way that risks catching a rodent and, without reasonable excuse, failing to make it safe. The Act defines a glue trap as one designed or capable of being used to catch a rodent using an adhesive substance as a means of capture, and the main offences carry imprisonment of up to 51 weeks or a fine, or both, on summary conviction.
Wales went further and earlier. Section 46 of the Agriculture (Wales) Act 2023 inserted new prohibitions into section 11(1) of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 covering both snares and glue traps, so that setting in position in Wales any glue trap likely to catch an animal, or using one to kill or take any animal, is caught. For the glue trap provisions, an animal means a vertebrate other than a human. Those provisions came into force on 17 October 2023.
Scotland's regime is the widest of the three. Under the Wildlife Management and Muirburn (Scotland) Act 2024 it is an offence, without reasonable excuse, to use a glue trap to kill or take any animal other than an invertebrate, to supply or offer to supply a glue trap, and to possess one. Those offences carry up to 12 months and a fine of up to £40,000 on summary conviction, and up to five years and an unlimited fine on indictment, and they came into force on 1 July 2026. Northern Ireland is a separate jurisdiction again and should be checked rather than assumed.
The English glue trap licence, and why it will not cover your house
England's ban is not absolute, but the exception is narrow enough that it should settle the question for a domestic customer. Natural England issues glue trap licences, and only to professional pest controllers — defined as someone providing a pest control service for a public authority or as part of a business — for use in exceptional circumstances where all other methods of rodent control have failed or are not practical. Applicants must hold one of a list of recognised pest management qualifications and complete specific glue trap training.
The permitted settings are the point. The class licence covers three indoor scenarios only: aircraft, hospital operating rooms, and critical infrastructure sites facing imminent fire or equipment failure. The individual licence route requires a large-scale risk to public health and safety at places such as hospitals, food manufacturing sites or laboratories, and it expressly excludes restaurants, pubs, takeaways and private residences.
So if a contractor proposes glue boards in an English house or flat, there is no licence that covers it, and GOV.UK's pest control advice lists glue traps designed to catch rodents among the methods that must not be used for any wildlife, alongside self-locking snares, bows and crossbows and live decoys. The right response is to ask for a different method, and the fact that the question had to be asked is information about the firm.
Proofing, then trapping: the order that makes a mouse job stick
Mouse control that lasts starts with a survey of the building envelope rather than with a product. Mice enter at the places a building is not continuous: where service pipes and cables pass through external walls, at damaged or unmeshed airbricks, under doors with a worn threshold, at the eaves, and wherever an extension meets the original structure. Inside, they travel through the same voids, which is why mice can appear in an upstairs bedroom without ever crossing a hallway.
Proofing is the durable half of the work and it is physical: sealing pipe penetrations with material a mouse cannot gnaw, meshing airbricks rather than blocking them so the underfloor void keeps its ventilation, fitting bristle strips to doors, and closing gaps at eaves and service entries. Expanding foam on its own is not proofing, because mice chew through it; it is filler around a physical barrier.
Trapping or baiting then clears the population that is already inside, and it is a short programme rather than a standing arrangement. Traps should be placed against walls and at right angles to the run, because mice travel along edges rather than across open floor, and they need checking. Bait, if used, is secured and removed at the end. And the food source has to go at the same time, because a mouse with a torn cereal packet behind the units has no reason to visit a trap.
Keeping a mouse-proof house mouse-proof
- Move dry food, including pet food and birdseed, into rigid sealed containers rather than bags or boxes.
- Clean under and behind the cooker, fridge and washing machine, which is where spilled food accumulates unseen.
- Check the mesh on airbricks and the seal around new pipework each autumn, before the weather pushes mice indoors.
- Keep the gap under external doors closed, and replace bristle strips when they wear rather than when they fail.
- Look at any building work that has been done: new pipe runs and cable entries are the commonest new routes in.
- Store garage and shed contents off the floor and in closed boxes, since cardboard and soft furnishings become nesting material.
What drives a mouse control quote, and how LokalMatch fits in
With mice the quotation usually splits into two parts, and it is worth seeing them separately. The treatment side is driven by the size of the property, how many rooms show activity, how many visits are needed and how accessible the voids and runs are. The proofing side is driven by the construction: how many service penetrations there are, whether airbricks and eaves need work, whether a suspended floor void can be reached, and whether an extension or a recent alteration has left an obvious gap. Properties in a terrace or a block are harder again, because a neighbouring dwelling may be feeding the problem.
LokalMatch's role is to put you in touch. Describe the job once with your postcode — where you hear them, what you have found and whether the property is detached, terraced or a flat — and firms covering your area contact you. Homeowners are not charged anything to use it, and the pros pay for the requests they receive. LokalMatch does not carry out the work, does not set prices and does not vet, rank or recommend anyone who gets in touch, so checking that the quotation includes proofing, and that no one is proposing glue boards, remains your side of it.
Mice: frequently asked questions
Are glue traps legal for mice in my home?
Not in England, Wales or Scotland. In England the Glue Traps (Offences) Act 2022 made setting one to catch a rodent an offence from 31 July 2024 unless it is set under a glue trap licence, and the licences do not cover private residences. In Wales, section 46 of the Agriculture (Wales) Act 2023 prohibited setting or using glue traps from 17 October 2023. In Scotland, using, supplying or even possessing a glue trap became an offence on 1 July 2026 under the Wildlife Management and Muirburn (Scotland) Act 2024. Northern Ireland should be checked separately.
Could a pest controller use glue traps in my house under a licence?
No. Natural England's licences go only to professional pest controllers, for exceptional circumstances where other methods have failed or are impractical, and the permitted settings are tightly drawn. The class licence covers aircraft, hospital operating rooms and critical infrastructure facing imminent fire or equipment failure; the individual licence route requires a large-scale public health and safety risk at places such as hospitals, food manufacturing sites or laboratories, and expressly excludes restaurants, pubs, takeaways and private residences.
How small a gap can a mouse get through?
Far smaller than most people expect, which is why proofing surveys look at places that seem obviously too tight. The practical rule used on site is that anything you can push a pencil into is worth closing. The usual routes are service pipe and cable penetrations through external walls, damaged airbricks, worn door thresholds, eaves gaps and the junction where an extension meets the original building.
Will filling the holes with expanding foam keep mice out?
Not on its own — mice gnaw through it. Foam is useful as a filler and a draught seal around a physical barrier, but the barrier has to be something a rodent cannot chew, such as metal mesh or a purpose-made proofing collar. The same principle applies to airbricks: mesh them rather than block them, so the underfloor void keeps the ventilation it was built with.
Why do the mice come back every autumn?
Because the population was treated and the entry route was not. Mice move indoors as outside temperatures drop and outdoor food runs short, and they use the same gaps year after year. If the treatment worked but the problem recurs each autumn, the question to ask is not which product was used but whether anyone ever surveyed and sealed the building envelope, and whether a recent alteration created a new route in.
Sources
- Glue Traps (Offences) Act 2022, section 1 (offences in England; in force 31 July 2024 by S.I. 2024/686)
- Agriculture (Wales) Act 2023, section 46 (snares and glue traps; in force 17 October 2023)
- Wildlife Management and Muirburn (Scotland) Act 2024, glue trap offences (use, supply, possession; in force 1 July 2026)
- GOV.UK: Check if you can get a glue trap licence (Natural England; eligible settings; private residences excluded)
- GOV.UK: Pest control on your property (methods that must not be used)
Written by the LokalMatch editorial team. Last reviewed 21 September 2026. How we write and check our guides
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What affects the cost of mouse control
Prices depend on the details of your project. We only publish price ranges when they’re backed by real LokalMatch quote data or reliable sources. Until then, here’s what usually changes the price:
- Type of pest or animal
- How widespread the problem is
- Size of the home and number of units affected
- Treatment method
- Number of follow-up visits
- Exclusion work, such as sealing gaps or installing barriers
How to compare exterminators before you hire
- Choose a company that inspects first and identifies the pest before recommending treatment.
- Ask whether they are licensed to apply pest control products in your area.
- For wildlife like raccoons, squirrels or birds, look for a company that uses humane removal and seals entry points.
- Ask how they'll keep children, pets and food safe during and after treatment.
- Get the treatment plan in writing, including follow-up visits and what happens if the problem comes back.
Questions to ask exterminators before you hire
- What pest do you think this is, and how did you identify it?
- Are you licensed to apply pest control products in my area?
- What products or methods will you use, and are they safe around children and pets?
- How do I need to prepare my home before treatment?
- How many visits are included, and what happens if the problem comes back?
- Will you seal entry points so the problem doesn't return?
When to call a pro for mouse control
- Droppings, gnaw marks or scratching noises in walls or the attic
- Bites or small blood spots on bedding that could point to bed bugs
- A wasp or hornet nest near a door, deck or play area
- An animal living in the attic, chimney or under a deck
Mouse control permits and local rules
Some mouse control work needs a permit or has to meet local bylaws. Rules vary by municipality, so ask your pro whether a permit is needed and who will apply for it — and check with your city or town if you’re unsure.
Permits and licensingSeasonal maintenance
This job is part of our home maintenance checklists for:
Guides about mouse control
- ✦
Pest Control guide
Pest control in Britain covers rats and mice, wasps and hornets, cockroaches, bed bugs, fleas, carpet and clothes moths, ants, squirrels and birds, plus the proofing work that stops them coming back.
Read guide - ✦
Bed Bugs guide
Bed bugs are the pest that most often turns into an argument about money, because they arrive without any fault on the occupier's part and they cost real money to clear.
Read guide - ✦
Ants guide
Ants are the pest that most often gets treated without being identified, which is why so many British households treat the same trail every summer.
Read guide
Services related to mouse control
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